Creating a simple navbar in Svelte and CSS

I was browsing the Apple site, and the navbar caught my attention.

Can I re-build that in Svelte? Yes.

Can I make the mobile icon a bit different? Yes.

Okay, challenge accepted!

The output

Here’s the desktop view

Here’s the mobile view

Here’s the mobile view when the menu is active

The navbar Svelte script logic

<script>
  import { onMount } from "svelte";

  // Show mobile icon and display menu
  let showMobileMenu = false;

  // List of navigation items
  const navItems = [
    { label: "logo", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 1", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 2", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 3", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 4", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 5", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 6", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 7", href: "#" }
  ];

  // Mobile menu click event handler
  const handleMobileIconClick = () => (showMobileMenu = !showMobileMenu);

  // Media match query handler
  const mediaQueryHandler = e => {
    // Reset mobile state
    if (!e.matches) {
      showMobileMenu = false;
    }
  };

  // Attach media query listener on mount hook
  onMount(() => {
    const mediaListener = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 767px)");

    mediaListener.addListener(mediaQueryHandler);
  });
</script>

This section of the Svelte component is what handles our state, menu items, and even handlers.

The first thing to note is that we have a Svelte state variable called showMobileMenu.

let showMobileMenu = false;

const handleMobileIconClick = () => (showMobileMenu = !showMobileMenu);

This state variable will get used in the markup.

I also have a click handler function called, handleMobilIconClick.

The sole job of that function is to toggle boolean values.

const mediaQueryHandler = e => {
  // Reset mobile state
  if (!e.matches) {
    showMobileMenu = false;
  }
};

onMount(() => {
  const mediaListener = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 767px)");

  mediaListener.addListener(mediaQueryHandler);
});

I’m also using matchMedia() on my onMount hook.

matchMedia() is like a CSS media query, but more optimal than a window resize event.

The markup

<nav>
  <div class="inner">
    <div on:click={handleMobileIconClick} class={`mobile-icon${showMobileMenu ? ' active' : ''}`}>
      <div class="middle-line"></div>
    </div>
    <ul class={`navbar-list${showMobileMenu ? ' mobile' : ''}`}>
      {#each navItems as item}
        <li>
          <a href={item.href}>{item.label}</a>
        </li>
      {/each}
    </ul>
  </div>
</nav>

Some key parts to this section is the class conditionals, attaching the handleMobileIconClick function to a click event, and going through a an each loop to render the menu items.

The styles

Here are the styles that make up the navgiation bar, mobile menu icon, and it’s transitions.

nav {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif;
  height: 45px;
}

.inner {
  max-width: 980px;
  padding-left: 20px;
  padding-right: 20px;
  margin: auto;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  height: 100%;
}

.mobile-icon {
  width: 25px;
  height: 14px;
  position: relative;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.mobile-icon:after,
.mobile-icon:before,
.middle-line {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  height: 2px;
  background-color: #fff;
  transition: all 0.4s;
  transform-origin: center;
}

.mobile-icon:before,
.middle-line {
  top: 0;
}

.mobile-icon:after,
.middle-line {
  bottom: 0;
}

.mobile-icon:before {
  width: 66%;
}

.mobile-icon:after {
  width: 33%;
}

.middle-line {
  margin: auto;
}

.mobile-icon:hover:before,
.mobile-icon:hover:after,
.mobile-icon.active:before,
.mobile-icon.active:after,
.mobile-icon.active .middle-line {
  width: 100%;
}

.mobile-icon.active:before,
.mobile-icon.active:after {
  top: 50%;
  transform: rotate(-45deg);
}

.mobile-icon.active .middle-line {
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.navbar-list {
  display: none;
  width: 100%;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0 40px;
}

.navbar-list.mobile {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
  position: fixed;
  display: block;
  height: calc(100% - 45px);
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
}

.navbar-list li {
  list-style-type: none;
  position: relative;
}

.navbar-list li:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 1px;
  background-color: #424245;
}

.navbar-list a {
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: flex;
  height: 45px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 0 10px;
  font-size: 13px;
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 767px) {
  .mobile-icon {
    display: none;
  }

  .navbar-list {
    display: flex;
    padding: 0;
  }

  .navbar-list a {
    display: inline-flex;
  }
}

Full code

<script>
  import { onMount } from "svelte";

  // Show mobile icon and display menu
  let showMobileMenu = false;

  // List of navigation items
  const navItems = [
    { label: "logo", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 1", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 2", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 3", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 4", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 5", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 6", href: "#" },
    { label: "Item 7", href: "#" }
  ];

  // Mobile menu click event handler
  const handleMobileIconClick = () => (showMobileMenu = !showMobileMenu);

  // Media match query handler
  const mediaQueryHandler = e => {
    // Reset mobile state
    if (!e.matches) {
      showMobileMenu = false;
    }
  };

  // Attach media query listener on mount hook
  onMount(() => {
    const mediaListener = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 767px)");

    mediaListener.addListener(mediaQueryHandler);
  });
</script>

<nav>
  <div class="inner">
    <div on:click={handleMobileIconClick} class={`mobile-icon${showMobileMenu ? ' active' : ''}`}>
      <div class="middle-line"></div>
    </div>
    <ul class={`navbar-list${showMobileMenu ? ' mobile' : ''}`}>
      {#each navItems as item}
        <li>
          <a href={item.href}>{item.label}</a>
        </li>
      {/each}
    </ul>
  </div>
</nav>

<style>
  nav {
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
    font-family: "Helvetica Neue", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif;
    height: 45px;
  }

  .inner {
    max-width: 980px;
    padding-left: 20px;
    padding-right: 20px;
    margin: auto;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    height: 100%;
  }

  .mobile-icon {
    width: 25px;
    height: 14px;
    position: relative;
    cursor: pointer;
  }

  .mobile-icon:after,
  .mobile-icon:before,
  .middle-line {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: #fff;
    transition: all 0.4s;
    transform-origin: center;
  }

  .mobile-icon:before,
  .middle-line {
    top: 0;
  }

  .mobile-icon:after,
  .middle-line {
    bottom: 0;
  }

  .mobile-icon:before {
    width: 66%;
  }

  .mobile-icon:after {
    width: 33%;
  }

  .middle-line {
    margin: auto;
  }

  .mobile-icon:hover:before,
  .mobile-icon:hover:after,
  .mobile-icon.active:before,
  .mobile-icon.active:after,
  .mobile-icon.active .middle-line {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .mobile-icon.active:before,
  .mobile-icon.active:after {
    top: 50%;
    transform: rotate(-45deg);
  }

  .mobile-icon.active .middle-line {
    transform: rotate(45deg);
  }

  .navbar-list {
    display: none;
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: space-between;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0 40px;
  }

  .navbar-list.mobile {
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
    position: fixed;
    display: block;
    height: calc(100% - 45px);
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
  }

  .navbar-list li {
    list-style-type: none;
    position: relative;
  }

  .navbar-list li:before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 1px;
    background-color: #424245;
  }

  .navbar-list a {
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: flex;
    height: 45px;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0 10px;
    font-size: 13px;
  }

  @media only screen and (min-width: 767px) {
    .mobile-icon {
      display: none;
    }

    .navbar-list {
      display: flex;
      padding: 0;
    }

    .navbar-list a {
      display: inline-flex;
    }
  }
</style>

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